Causes of nephritis in dogs

The causes of nephritis are almost always related to immune mechanisms. Because the antigen-antibody complex in the circulating blood is attached near the glomerulus, when there is reinfection, it will react on the glomerular capillary basement membrane, causing basement membrane damage and glomerulonephritis. Common antigens are:
1. Bacteria (mostly purulent bacteria). Such as skin abscesses and pyometra;
2. Parasites. Such as Toxoplasma gondii, canine nausea filariasis, etc.;
3. Malignant tumors;
4. Certain infectious diseases. Such as canine infectious hepatitis, canine parvovirus, tuberculosis, leptospirosis, etc.;
5. Toxic factors. Such as endogenous toxins, toxemia, sepsis, bacteremia, etc.;

Acute nephritis in dogs

1. The urine output decreases, the specific gravity increases, and the urine protein increases.
2. Transparent casts can be seen in the urine sediment. Sometimes epithelial casts and scattered red blood cells, white blood cells, and pathogenic bacteria can be seen.
3. Sick dogs are depressed, have elevated body temperature, anorexia, and sometimes vomiting.
4. The renal area is sensitive to pressure and the kidneys are enlarged. The sick dog is unwilling to move. When standing, it bows its waist and retracts its abdomen, and its limbs are retracted under the abdomen. When forced to exercise, the gait is forced and the patient walks at a small walk.
5. Sick dogs urinate frequently but have small urine output. Some dogs may have hematuria or anuria.
6. Dogs with a long course of disease may have blood circulation disorders, total venous congestion, and edema can be seen in the eyelids, under the abdomen, and at the end of the limbs. Some dogs may have symptoms of ascites. When uremia occurs, clinical symptoms may include dyspnea, general muscle spasm, disturbance of consciousness, drop in body temperature, weakness or coma.

Chronic nephritis in dogs

1. Chronic glomerulonephritis develops slowly and has mild clinical manifestations.
2. It can be seen that the sick dog gradually loses weight. In the early stage, thirst increases, compensatory polyuria can reach 2 times per day, and protein in urine increases significantly.
3. Symptoms such as edema, oliguria, uremia, and systemic failure may be seen in the later stage. Protein reduction. A large number of transparent casts can be seen in the urinary sediment.
4. The course of this disease is long, and some dogs may suffer from repeated attacks, with clinical symptoms such as weight loss and anemia.

Treatment methods for dog nephritis

1. Anti-inflammation: Penicillin 60,000 units/kg body weight, intramuscular injection; Ampicillin 20-40 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection, 2 times/day . Note that kanamycin, gentamicin and sulfa drugs are prohibited. Because this drug has some damage to the kidneys.
2. Diuresis: Furanosine 5 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection, the number of doses can be determined according to the condition.
3. Suppress immune response: use dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection; Prednisone 0.5 mg/kg body weight, orally, 2 times a day.
4. Symptomatic treatment, such as detoxification, heart strengthening, and nutritional supplementation.