Ascariasis

Ascariasis Canine ascariasis is a disease caused by Ascaris canis and Ascaris leonata. Canine roundworms mainly infect puppies 1-2 months old, while lion roundworms are parasitic on dogs over 6 months old. Both types of roundworms excrete eggs through the feces of sick dogs. Under conditions of appropriate temperature and humidity, they develop into invasive eggs in 3-5 days.

Symptoms: Sick dogs appear emaciated, pale mucous membranes, loss of appetite, vomiting, and delayed development. A large number of roundworm parasites can cause intestinal obstruction or blockage of the bile duct. Ascaris toxins can also cause epileptic neurological symptoms.

Diagnosis: Based on clinical symptoms, the feces can be confirmed by flotation in saturated salt water and examination for eggs.

Treatment: Take levamisole hydrochloride, 10 mg orally per kilogram of body weight, and the effect is very good.

Heartworm

Dirofilariasis is more common. It is a filarial worm that lives in the right ventricle. It is also called heartworm. It is 25 cm long and has a white thread shape. Embryonic microfilariae are produced after mating between male and female adults in the ventricle. The larvae flow to the subcutaneous with the blood. When a mosquito or flea bites and sucks blood, they enter the insect's body to develop, and finally reach the salivary glands and mouthparts.

Symptoms: Adult worms roll with the blood flow in the right ventricle, mechanically causing cardiac dysfunction or endocarditis; microfilariae can block blood vessels such as the kidney, brain, and lungs. Under normal circumstances (less than 25 adult worms) there are no obvious symptoms. In severe cases, there may be chronic cough, easy fatigue, difficulty breathing, dry cough; right heart failure, liver and spleen enlargement, ascites, edema; hematuria; skin (especially ears) outline) there are small nodules (containing microfilariae) or ulcers.

Diagnosis: Add 1 ml of blood to 7% acetic acid solution or 5 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid solution, centrifuge for 2-3 minutes, take the sediment for microscopic examination, and the diagnosis can be made if microfilariae are found.

Treatment: 0.5-5 ml of bofen, intramuscularly or intravenously every day until the larvae disappear in the blood test. About 1/3 have symptoms of poisoning. Haiqunsheng 60-70 ml/kg body weight or 30% solution is injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously once for 3-5 weeks. Sodium thiarsenamide 2.2 mg/kg body weight, twice a day, slowly intravenously, for two days. Dichlorophenylarsine hydrochloride 2.5 mg/kg body weight, diluted with distilled water to a 1% solution and injected slowly intravenously, once every 4-5 days.

Trichinellosis: Trichinellosis is widely parasitic in humans, dogs, pigs, cats, rats and other animals, and dogs have the habit of eating animal carcasses or feces, so dogs raised in agricultural and pastoral areas have many opportunities to be infected. .

Trichinella spiralis

Trichinella spiralis is parasitic in striated muscles, especially the diaphragm muscles and intercostal muscles with high activity. Adult worms mate in the intestines, and the larvae produced enter the thoracic duct through the mesenteric lymphatic vessels to the right heart, and then transfer to the systemic circulation through the lungs and flow to the whole body with the blood (this is the 12th to 30th day after infection). Only the larvae that enter the muscles can develop and grow. There is a cyst around it, and the worm body is curled in it.

Symptoms: Generally not obvious. When the infection is severe, muscle pain, difficulty swallowing, chewing, and walking may occur.

Prevention and treatment: The key is to pay attention to the infection process and understand the dangers of contact between humans and animals and flesh-eating infections.

Coccidiosis

Coccidiosis Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease that affects puppies. When the environmental sanitation conditions are not good and the stocking density is high, the disease can become serious. Coccidia are born in the epithelial cells of the small intestinal mucosa. After several generations of asexual reproduction (i.e., schizogony), they become sexual reproduction and form large and small spores. The two combine to form an oocyst, which is excreted in the feces. Under suitable temperature conditions, the oocysts develop into infectious oocysts (ie, oocysts containing sporozoites). Puppies can become infected by ingesting food and drinking water contaminated with infected oocysts. A large number of propagules and merozoites produced by asexual reproduction can damage the intestinal epithelium, causing harm, symptoms, and even death.

Symptoms: Diarrhea, mixed with mucus and blood; progressive weight loss, stagnant growth, and finally failure and death.

Diagnosis: Diagnosis can be made if coccidia oocysts are found in the feces.

Treatment: Furans or sulfa drugs are effective.

Leishmania canis

Dogs can be infected with Leishmania canis. Leishmania parasites live in the cytoplasm of macrophages and endothelial cells and can also be found extracellularly in tissue smears. Natural infection is caused by the protozoa entering the dog's body when the blood-sucking insect sandfly bites and sucks blood.

Symptoms: Mainly seen are anemia, weight loss and weakness. Some sick dogs have splenomegaly, ascites, swollen lymph nodes, weakness in the hind limbs, and difficulty breathing. When the skin is infected, ulcers may appear on the nose, corners of the mouth and eyelids; in chronic cases, skin eczema and large areas of hair loss often occur.

Diagnosis: Mainly rely on blood smears or scraping tissue from the edge of skin ulcers to make smears to check for parasites.

Treatment: Treat with Xindifen and sodium gluconate, but it can relapse. Generally, culling methods are adopted, combined with environmental disinfection to eliminate sandflies.

Owners should pay attention to the vomitus of their dogs and start treatment as soon as possible if there are worms.