Vitamin C:

Vitamin C is also called ascorbic acid. Used to prevent and treat oxidative stress, joint wear and other related problems caused by aging and exercise.

The role of vitamin C:

As an antioxidant component, it can regenerate the powerful antioxidant vitamin E.

Involved in iron metabolism.

Symptoms of vitamin C deficiency:

The main symptoms include bleeding gums, brittle blood vessels, decreased disease resistance of the body, and impact on the body's absorption of iron.

Dogs can partially synthesize vitamin C in their bodies and are not prone to vitamin C deficiency under normal circumstances. However, puppies grow quickly and are prone to vitamin C deficiency. In addition, the reduced function of vitamin synthesis in sick dogs can also lead to vitamin C deficiency.

Symptoms of excess vitamin C:

Dogs’ tolerance of vitamin C is hundreds to thousands of times the required amount. , Adding too much vitamin C can cause acidosis, gastrointestinal diseases, diabetes, allergic reactions, allergies, etc. in dogs.

How to supplement vitamin C:

Although some fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin C, these foods are not palatable to dogs. Therefore, the recommended way to supplement vitamin C is to add vitamin C tablets to dog food.

Vitamin D:

Vitamin D is also called calciferol. The main physiological function is to regulate the body's calcium and phosphorus metabolism, maintain the normal concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the blood, thereby promoting the calcification and normal development of teeth and bones.

The role of vitamin D:

It is metabolized and activated in the kidneys and liver, and becomes a biologically available form.

Promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines and reduce the amount excreted in the urine. Increases the concentration of calcium in the blood.

Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency:

The body's calcium and phosphorus balance cannot be maintained, leading to bone diseases. Puppies can develop rickets, with symptoms such as weight loss, emaciation, anemia, tail tip necrosis, and convulsions; adult dogs can develop osteoporosis.

Symptoms of excessive vitamin D:

The dissolution of calcium from bones increases blood calcium concentration, and calcium is widely deposited in arterial walls, heart, renal tubules, joints and other soft tissues; blood calcium concentration Increased height and stagnant growth; sometimes death from toxemia due to severe kidney damage.

How to supplement vitamin D:

Vitamin D is abundant in cod liver oil, animal liver, and eggs. Generally, the vitamin D content in plant feeds is very small.

Regular feeding of feed rich in vitamin D can prevent vitamin D deficiency. In addition, the ultraviolet rays in the sun irradiate the dog's skin and synthesize vitamins.D. Therefore, in the daily feeding process, the dog should be strengthened to exercise and get more sun.

Vitamin K:

The main physiological function of vitamin K is to promote blood coagulation. When dogs are deficient in vitamin K, the main symptoms are loss of appetite and weakness. Hypersensitivity, anemia and prolonged coagulation time, etc. Dogs can synthesize vitamin K in their bodies, so under normal circumstances, dogs will not suffer from vitamin K deficiency. When dogs are deficient in vitamin K, they can feed more green plants, animal livers, milk, etc.; in severe cases, they can feed menadione sodium sulfite (vitamin K3), but beware of excessive poisoning.

Folic acid:

The main physiological function of folic acid is to participate in the synthesis of hemoglobin and promote the production of antibodies. In general, dogs are not prone to folate deficiency. However, when sulfa drugs are taken orally, they may cause folic acid deficiency because they inhibit the growth of bacteria that synthesize folic acid. The main symptoms of folic acid deficiency in dogs include edema, megaloblastic anemia, anorexia, and slow growth. When preventing and treating folic acid deficiency, you can give B complex vitamins or yeast preparations, and at the same time feed more green leafy plants, cereals, yeast, etc.

Knowledge reminder:

Biotin is a coenzyme in the dog body and participates in the metabolism of nutrients. Biotin deficiency in dogs manifests as skin inflammation, hair loss and nerve sensitivity. In severe cases, it can cause paralysis of the hind limbs. Biotin is widely found in various feeds. When dogs are deficient in biotin, they can feed more cereals, fish, milk, yeast, etc., as well as B complex vitamins. Dogs have a high tolerance for biotin and generally do not suffer from poisoning.