The source of canine distemper virus

As early as 1905, Carre proposed that the cause of the disease was a virus. In 1951, Dedie first used tissue culture to culture canine distemper virus. It has been found that canine distemper virus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family and the Morbillivirus genus, and has a close antigenic relationship with the measles virus and rinderpest virus of this genus. Canine distemper virus has weak resistance and is sensitive to heat, dryness, ultraviolet rays and organic solvents, and is easily killed by sunlight, alcohol, ether, formaldehyde and Lysol; it can survive for several weeks at 2 to 4 degrees Celsius and several weeks at room temperature. The virus can be inactivated at 50-60 degrees Celsius for one hour. The acid or alkali environment below pH 4.5 and above 9.0 can quickly inactivate it, but it can be stored for several months by low-temperature freezing and several years by freeze-drying.

The source of canine distemper virus infection

The main sources of canine distemper virus infection are sick dogs and virus-carrying dogs. The virus exists in the liver, spleen, brain, kidneys, and lymph node tissues. It is excreted out of the body through tears, nose juice, saliva, urine and exhaled air, contaminating the surrounding air, water sources, food, and utensils, becoming a vector for the disease. Clinically recovered dogs can detoxify to the outside world for a long time and are a source of infection that is often ignored by people. The main route of transmission is the respiratory tract, followed by the digestive tract. Infection occurs through droplets through the conjunctiva, oral cavity, nasal mucosa, vaginal and rectal mucosa. The virus is extremely transmissible. People raised in the same environment, no matter what isolation measures are taken, will inevitably infect each other in the end. For this reason, when new dogs are purchased from dog farms, they must be strictly quarantined and quarantined for observation.

Canine distemper virus symptoms

The symptoms of distemper first appear as upper respiratory tract infection, elevated body temperature, loss of appetite, fatigue, and watery discharge from the eyes and nose, within 1-2 days. Becomes mucopurulent. Blood tests were performed at this time, which showed a decrease in white blood cells and a decrease in phagocytic ability. There will be a remission period of 2-3 days thereafter, the body temperature will return to normal, and the spirit and appetite will improve. At this time, care should be strengthened and secondary infections should be prevented, otherwise pneumonia, encephalitis, nephritis and cystitis may easily develop. Respiratory inflammation above.

Canine distemper virus treatment

In the treatment of canine distemper, after the clinical symptoms appear, a large dose of canine distemper hyperimmune serum can be injected to control the development of the disease. Giving a large dose of hyperimmune serum during the initial fever period of canine distemper can enhance the body's sufficient antibodies to prevent clinical symptoms and achieve the purpose of treatment. For canine distemper with obvious clinical symptoms and neurological symptoms in the middle and late stages of the disease, it is mostly difficult to cure even if the canine distemper hyperimmune serum is injected.

Canine distemper virus prevention

To prevent canine distemper virus, vaccinations are required, mainly including chicken embryo attenuated vaccine, cell attenuated vaccine, triple vaccine (canine distemper, canine infectious hepatitis and canine parvovirus). Viral diseases), pentavalent vaccine (canine distemper, canine infectious hepatitis, canine parvovirus, canine parainfluenza and rabies) and other vaccines are available. When immunizing dogs, attention should be paid to the influence of maternal antibodies in puppies.The immune effect of puppies is closely related to the level of maternal antibodies. Most maternal antibodies of puppies weaken at 12 weeks of age and disappear at 15 weeks of age.