Dog vaccines will be ineffective under these nine conditions

1. Insufficient antibodies

Whether the vaccine can prevent disease after injection depends on whether the vaccine can stimulate the dog to produce antibodies and the amount of antibodies (expressed by titer). It is generally believed that infectious diseases can be prevented only when the serum antibody titer is greater than 10 international units per milliliter. About 30% of dogs develop antibodies one month after the vaccine is injected, and the antibodies reach the highest level one month after the full course of injection is completed. Therefore, if the antibody is not produced or the titer is relatively low before all injections are completed, there is still the possibility of contracting the disease. During this time, dogs must still receive other close precautions.

According to research, dogs can be divided into four groups based on their antibody titers to vaccines:

1. The non-responsive group accounts for about 5% of the number of injections. The main reason why dogs don’t respond to vaccines is mostly genetic factors. The ability of vaccination to produce antibodies is controlled by type II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is a dominant inheritance.

2. Low response group. The serum antibody titer produced after vaccination is less than 10 international units per milliliter, accounting for approximately 10% of the total number of injections. This is related to factors such as genetics, age, obesity, immunosuppression, and immune tolerance.

3. Medium reaction group. The titer of serum antibodies produced after vaccine injection is 10 to 100 international units per milliliter, accounting for approximately 65% ​​of the number of injections.

4. High response group. Serum antibody titers greater than 100 international units per milliliter accounted for approximately 20% of the injections. Dogs in the non-responsive and low-responsive groups may still get infectious diseases after vaccination.

2. Already infected with virus

Even if the dog is examined before vaccination and all indicators are normal, it may still not be detected due to the incubation period of the disease. The antibodies produced by the vaccine are only effective against viruses in the blood and are ineffective against viruses that have already entered cells. Therefore, if you have been infected with the virus before the vaccine is administered, the vaccine will not be effective.

3. Improper storage

Vaccines should not be frozen. Freezing can damage their structure. The storage time at 37 degrees Celsius should not exceed one month, and the storage time at 4 degrees Celsius should not exceed one year. If stored for too long, the immune effect will be reduced. Household refrigerators can be placed in the cold storage compartment.

4. Improper use

The vaccine should not be injected into the buttocks. There is a lot of fat tissue in the buttocks and few immune active cells. The antibody titer produced after injection is low and the antibody decreases quickly.

5. Virus mutation

Even if the vaccine produces high titers of antibodies, a small number of dogs may still get sick. This is because viruses can mutate, and existing vaccines target normal viruses. If the surface antigen of the virus mutates and the vaccinated dog is unfortunately infected with this mutated virus, it willIt is still possible to get sick.

6. Poor health

For example, if the parasites are not removed and you have a high fever, you may suffer from immune disorders.

7. Wrong injection time

Mostly it is too early. When the transitional antibodies are still abundant, some of the antigens will be offset and the functions that can be produced will be greatly reduced. Or if you fail to follow the doctor's instructions and do not take additional doses for more than a year, of course you may still be infected, because the vaccine effect can only last for one year.

8. The immune system of some dogs is not perfect

9. When someone else is using certain drugs

There is no doubt that immunity is the basic guarantee for dog health and a basic obligation of every dog ​​owner. We also should not assume that vaccination is the best thing to do, nor should we not vaccinate dogs just because they still have infectious diseases after being vaccinated. Once a vaccine is completed, a full set of trials should be conducted. Revaccination should also be performed if antibodies are not developed. In order to increase the probability of successful immunity, some experts believe that supplementing zinc, IL-2 or thymosin may increase the titer of antibodies, so you might as well try it.