Surgery requires anesthesia and analgesia

Although dogs are very tolerant, they also feel pain, so they must be anesthetized for surgery, and they must be restrained when dealing with wounds. Pain not only causes pain to the dog, but also has adverse effects such as inhibiting wound healing.

Because the intensity of pain is unpredictable, the currently accepted concepts for controlling surgical pain are preemptive analgesia and multimodal analgesia. The so-called preemptive analgesia refers to the release of inflammatory factors from damaged tissues, which leads to sensitization of peripheral nerves, resulting in lowering the pain threshold and producing hyperalgesia (that is, the body is more sensitive to pain). Giving analgesics before pain occurs can block this sensitization process. Multimodal analgesia refers to the combined use of analgesic drugs with different mechanisms of action or/and multiple analgesic methods, acting on various points in the process of pain generation and transmission, so that the drugs work synergistically and reduce the side effects of a single analgesic drug.

Characteristics of pain after surgery

Surface pain and visceral pain, inflammatory pain at the surgical site, mild to moderate pain, rapid onset of pain, and short duration. By choosing an analgesic of appropriate strength/duration to cover these characteristics of the disinfection procedure, we can achieve just the right amount of analgesia.

Sedative/analgesic drugs often prescribed by doctors before surgery include butorphanol/midazolam/diazepam/dexmedetomidine/acepromazine, etc. These drugs can usually reduce the intensity of the central nervous system. stimulant, or through the combined use of some of these drugs to provide a preemptive analgesic effect.

Local infiltration anesthesia is commonly used during sterilization surgery. There are local infiltration anesthesia and intratesticular infiltration anesthesia. The commonly used drug is lidocaine injection. The nerve endings at the injection site are temporarily dulled by the local anesthetic so that there is no pain when the scalpel makes the incision.

During the period after surgery, if the dog is already taking painkillers, but the dog is still inactive, trembling, unwilling to be touched, walking stiffly, or even howling, the dog must be taken Go for relevant inspections.